Comparative Analysis Of Stanley Milgrams The Perils Of...

Comparative Analysis The purpose of Stanley Milgram writing his â€Å"The Perils of Obedience,† is to show to what extent an individual would contradict his/her moral convictions because of the orders of an authority figure (Milgram 78). He constructed an experiment wherein an experimenter instructs a naà ¯ve subject to inflict a series of shocks of increasing voltage on a protesting actor. Contrary to Milgram’s expectations, about sixty percent of the subjects administered the highest voltage shock. (Milgram 80). According to Milgram, experiment variations disproved the theory that the subjects were sadists. (Milgram 85). Milgram states that although the subjects are against their actions, they desire to please the experimenter, and they often†¦show more content†¦Miles Hewstone, who earned his PhD in social psychology from the University of Oxford, would concur, stating, â€Å"This evidence tends to rule out†¦ the possibility that participants were sadists† (Hewstone 267). Milgram links these ordinary people to the soldiers and Nazi officials who carried out the Holocaust. Although this argument has partial merit, Milgram’s ineffectiveness, is tied to his failure to address the differences between the two groups. Baumrind effectively addresses this gap in Milgram’s logic; she states that the German soldier or SS officer had, unlike the subjects in Milgram’s experiment, no reason to believe that their superiors or authority figures were â€Å"benignly disposed towards himself or their victims† (Baumrind 93). Not only was the relation between the authority and the subject different, but the relation between the subject and the â€Å"victim† was as well. In Milgram’s experiment, the learner was an equal to the subject, while in Nazi Germany, the victims were viewed by the soldiers as sub-human. Baumrind accurately suggests that these altered relationships removed any of the guilt felt by Milgram’s s ubjects from the conscience of the German soldiers. Thomas Blass, who was an American social psychologist, Holocaust survivor, and author of the first published biography of Milgram, would add to Baumrind’s stance, stating, â€Å"Milgram’s approach does not provide aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book A Few Good Men By Solomon E. Asch1540 Words   |  7 PagesComparative Analysis The foundation of today’s society is not in immense chaos or destruction, but rather in an organizational order because of the choice in obedience. As depicted in the movie, â€Å"A Few Good Men†, obedience is questioned due to soldiers choosing to obey or not when it presents the case of Lance Cpl. Harold Dawson and Pfc. Louden Downey being disciplined for committing a crime, even if they were only following orders. Eric Fromm, a social psychologist and psychoanalyst, furthers pointsRead MoreComparative Analysis a Few Good Men Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesComparative Analysis: A Few Good Men â€Å"You dont need a patch on your arm to have honor.† Lt. Daniel Kaffee, portrayed by Tom Cruise, says at the end of the movie to Lance Cpl. Dawson after the final ruling is read, stating PFC. Downy and Lance Cpl. Dawson are innocent but are dishonorably discharged from the military. A Few Good Men portrays the negative impact on military personally from strict obedience. Lt. Daniel Kaffee, along with Lt. Cdr. JoAnne Galloway and Lt. Sam Weinberg; played byRead MoreThe Perils Of Obedience By Milgram And The Stanford Prison Experiment1207 Words   |  5 PagesHumanity will always question the idea of obedience. Two prestigious psychologists, Stanley Milgram and Philip G. Zimbardo, conducted practical obedience experiments with astonishing results. Shocked by the amount of immoral obedience, both doctors wrote articles exploring the reasoning for the test subjects unorthodox manners. In The Perils of Obedience by Milgram and The Stanford Prison Experiment by Zimbardo, the p rofessionals reflect their thoughts in a logical manner. Milgram s experimentRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesAcademic Positions: Franklin D. Schurz Chair, Department of Management, Mendoza College of Business, University of Notre Dame; Matherly-McKethan Eminent Scholar in Management, Warrington College of Business Administration, University of Florida; Stanley  M. Howe Professor in Leadership, Henry B. Tippie College of Business, University of Iowa; Associate Professor (with tenure), Department of Human Resource Studies, School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University; Lecturer, Charles UniversityRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesLine 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 At titudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial Characteristics

Eugenics And Scientific Racism Margaret Sanger - 1174 Words

Eugenics and Scientific Racism: Margaret Sanger The study or practice of attempting to ‘improve’ the human gene pool by encouraging the reproduction of people considered to have desirable traits and discouraging or preventing the reproduction of people considered to have undesirable traits; Eugenics. In the early 20th century, Eugenics grew popular among mainstream scientists, physicians and the general American public. These Eugenicists often believed blacks and other minorities were ‘unfit’ to reproduce. And as a result many privately supported practices such as euthanasia and ultimately genocide. Legally-mandated sterilization was the most radical policy supported by the American eugenics movement. A number of American physicians performed sterilizations even before the surgery was legally approved, though no reliable accounting of the practice exist s prior to passage of sterilization laws. Indiana enacted the first law allowing sterilization on eugenic grounds in 1907, with Connecticut following soon after. By 1924, approximately 3,000 people had been involuntarily sterilized in America; the vast majority (2,500) in California. Carrie Buck, a seventeen-year-old girl from Charlottesville, Virginia, was picked as the first person to be sterilized. Carrie hadShow MoreRelatedEugenics and Planned Parenthood Essay1405 Words   |  6 Pagesthe concept of eugenics, few think of modern contraception and abortion when in reality they are one in the same. The American Eugenics Society, founded in 1923, proudly proclaimed that men with incurable â€Å"conditions† should be sterilized. However these conditions were often none that could be helped, such as, one’s intelligence, race, and social class (Schweikart and Allen 529-532). The purpose of the society was to create the perfect class of men; elite in all ways. Likewise, Margaret Sanger’s feministRead MoreEugenics Movement And The American Community1395 Words   |  6 Pagesprevent the impregnation of â€Å"bad genes† into the American community. Eugenics seemed to offer that solution. Eugenics still implements their version of â€Å"population control† and/or â€Å"family-planning† in our society today and we don’t even know it. We play along and support without even knowing why we’re playing along or what we are supporting. To help open the eyes of the majority, we need to go back in time and show how the â€Å"Eugenics Movement† started. How the country we love so much, did not love usRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesthe vital connections between the genesis of and incessant innovations in computer technologies and the development of both nuclear power generators and atomic weaponry, and they also examine the ways that advances in these enmeshed fields of scientific and technological endeavor became emblematic in the cold war decades of national power and prestige, as well as symbols of modernity itself. They go well beyond the usual focus on the two superpowers INTRODUCTION †¢ 7 to look at â€Å"nuclear

Online music distribution in post

Online music distribution in post-Napster World Essay For the first time, music was practically available on demand to customer: as, when and where squired for free. The online channel also introduced a possibility of attracting advertisement and other complimentary business models that would earn back revenue in comparison to a CD distribution model where there was no scope to make additional revenue by any other means. Having said that, this was a model that was very easy to replicate and numerous new players emerged online providing similar services to customers. The model also infringed on the licensing agreements of music distribution as recording companies contested that music sharing accounted to music piracy. As customers came to expect music to be available for free, the online sharing portals were increasingly hard pressed to make viable revenue generating model. This had far reaching detrimental impact on the traditional companies engaged in the music production and distribution business. For a start their earning from sale of music dwindled as increasingly people relied on sharing music rather than buying them from stores. Stores were also constrained by the available shelf space to hold and display music Cads, whereas an online catalogue was practically infinite in size and exhaustive in content. Thus, with the success of Anapest and other similar websites, it was clear that the value of music distribution has significantly moved away from the conventional means to online distribution. Customers were unwilling to pay much for music and were demanding music that could be played back in different mediums as PCs, CD players, AMP players etc. The music recording Online music distribution in post-Anapest World By depraver not be stopped as users simply move on to the other networks. Since Anapest pioneered the music sharing phenomenon, the number of major music recording impasses has come down from 6 to 3. Major recording companies had to align their music distribution strategies to reflect the new values and expectations of the user base. Few of these strategies are discussed in the subsequent sections. What is the future of album companies? Is there a viable business model for them? There is a huge gap between the model offered by the album companies and the customer needs. Customers want access to the rare music; they want to be able to use it freely, get additional services and not be unreasonably charged for the same. The gap is being exploited by the new business models and peer to peer file sharing. The two main value propositions of the record companies were to be able to provide recording infrastructure to artists and to be able to provide access to the music market. However, both these value propositions were not sustainable and will continue to erode over time because of increased digitization, internet bandwidth and decreasing cost of recording music. The stand is vindicated by the sales data of the record companies. As we can see the revenues of the music industry has steadily fallen during the 2001-2010 period. The US revenues declined by 50% over the last decade. For the music companies to be more relevant, they will need to address the customer needs for unrestricted access, broad choice and additional services at a competitive price. As such, the album companies will have to move into newer business models to address the prevalent gap or perish. One viable business model for the album companies could be to look at newer revenue generation models around advertising to reduce pricing pressure on selling music, provide mass customization, partner to increase music availability and instinctive buying music by bundling in additional services leveraging. We would propose that the record companies continue to operate in the entire value chain from recording to digital distribution in the new model. .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 , .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 .postImageUrl , .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 , .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745:hover , .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745:visited , .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745:active { border:0!important; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745:active , .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745 .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u52865b8ae6e10bda26549e7c01f04745:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music File Sharing and Should It Be Legal EssayHowever, new skills will be required for the same which can be obtained through acquisitions or partnerships. For the production of music we propose a risk based crowd sourcing model in which the album companies partner with the public, to raise funding for riskier songs, thus significantly reducing the revenue risk by the record company. For songs below the sis threshold, the companies can continue to fund the artist by themselves. In a social networked model where the marketer has a huge base of music fans, this will incentive newer artists to come to the record companies given their huge network of music lovers. We propose an intermediary, which holds the repository of digital music pooled from such an intermediary IEEE they can invest in such an intermediary. This intermediary will consolidate the available base of music and sell it. This would help to create a huge repository of music which the music fans can rely on. The consumers will have an option to directly stream the music from the intermediary site or download the music. We think that with the increase in broad band speed, consumers can access streaming music without any buffering. This is applicable mainly to developed countries now but gradually the broadband speed in developing will also a reach a level at which they can also use direct streaming services. The basic service can be free to the consumers and revenue can be generated from advertising. The intermediary will also have to provide a premium monthly subscription based revive in which it provides value added services like social networking platform for music fans. Fans of particular artists should be able to form groups and discuss. There would be mass customization with customers free to choose different bundles of songs based on their preferences. Additional services like meet the artist when he is on a tour, tickets to concerts, souvenirs memorabilia related to the artist etc. Would have to be bundled with the songs. Record companies will be able to use their contracts and relationship with the artist for materializing the same and this would vive room to each for developing their own competitive advantage. Advertising will have to be used extensively around the digital platform as an alternative revenue model. Record companies will again be able to differentiate themselves through their abilities to build effective partnerships to get relevant advertising. Such a model would address many of the pitfalls of the current model and be more relevant by fulfilling customer needs of a getting broad choice, unrestrictive usage and value added services when they buy music. However, the record companies will have to take on the digital marketing avatar for the same. Suggest an appropriate pricing strategy for the album companies in the context of recent developments. We propose a royalty based revenue sharing model between the album companies. The record company will get a share of royalties for the amount they have invested in the production of the song. The dissemination of the royalties would be the responsibility of the distributor. The distribution prices will be decided by the album companies. The price realized per song will be distributed to the intermediary, artist, album companies and public (if crowd funded) based on the royalty share of each. The distribution companies will be able to do a differential pricing for the songs. A pay per download, pricing model may be used. The users would be free to use and distribute the music in any which way without restriction. In a digital social networking context the fans could be used to promote the songs and earn redeemable points against which they would get price discounts. The advertising acceptable levels for the consumer and put him in control of the price as well. A multi-level marketing concept may also be applied wherein the fan could use to sell the music at a price he deems fit and pay a commission to the distributor for the same. .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a , .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a .postImageUrl , .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a , .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a:hover , .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a:visited , .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a:active { border:0!important; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a:active , .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uac36a81eb0ee0bfc0609968ed31c4f5a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music Appreciation EssayThe additional artist centered services and option to resell would create an added incentive to purchase music as opposed to download it from a peer to peer file sharing network. Geographical price discrimination will be an important factor in ensuring that the price arbitrage can be neutralized thus discouraging piracy. Price in each country has to be customized and made attractive to the target customers. In summary, we can conclude the business of music distribution is constantly evolving and the ease of sharing music has made the old business models obsolete. Few of the major recording labels have gone out of business and the others had to adapt to the change that the denationalization of music has entailed. With an ever increasingly internet enabled and connected world, music is now pre-packaged and bundled along with other applications for mobile devices. Through some innovative means the recording companies have continued to stay relevant in this challenging segment, albeit with significantly less profits compared to the pre Anapest days.

Earth Day free essay sample

Earth Day  is an annual holiday, celebrated on April 22, on which events are held worldwide to demonstrate support for environmental protection. In 2013 the day is 43 years old. It is now coordinated globally by the  Earth Day Network,[1]  and is celebrated in more than 192 countries every year. [2] In 1969 at a  UNESCO  Conference in San Francisco, the date proposed was March 21, 1970, the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere. This day of natures equipoise was later sanctioned in a Proclamation signed by Secretary General  U Thant  at the  United Nations. A month later a separate Earth Day was founded by  United States Senator  Gaylord Nelson  as an environmental  teach-in  first held on April 22, 1970. Nelson was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom Award in recognition of his work. [3]  While this April 23 Earth Day was focused on the United States, an organization launched by  Denis Hayes, who was the original national coordinator in 1970, took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations. [4][5]  Numerous communities celebrate  Earth Week, an entire week of activities focused on environmental issues. The first Earth Day family had participants and celebrants in two thousand colleges and universities, roughly ten thousand primary and secondary schools, and hundreds of communities across the United States. More importantly, it brought 20 million Americans out into the spring sunshine for peaceful demonstrations in favor of environmental reform. [6]  It now is observed in 192 countries, and coordinated by the nonprofit  Earth Day Network, chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer Denis Hayes, according to whom Earth Day is now the largest secular holiday in the world, celebrated by more than a billion people every year. [7]  Environmental groups have sought to make Earth Day into a day of action which changes human behavior and provokes policy changes. ]Earth Day 1970 in New York City In the winter of 1969-1970, a group of students met at Columbia University to hear Denis Hayes talk about his plans for Earth Day. Among the group were Fred Kent, Pete Grannis, and Kristin and William Hubbard. This New York group agreed to head up the New York City part of the national movement. Fred Kent took the lead in renting an office and recruiting volunteers. The big break came when Mayor Lindsay agreed to shut down Fifth Avenue for the event. A giant cheer went up in the office on that day, according to Kristin Hubbard (now Kristin Alexandre). From that time on we used Mayor Lindsays offices and even his staff. I was Speaker Coordinator but had tremendous help from Lindsay staffer Judith Crichton. In addition to shutting down  Fifth Avenue, Mayor  John Lindsay  made  Central Park  available for Earth Day. The crowd was estimated as more than one million—by far the largest in the nation. Since  Manhattan  was also the home of NBC, CBS, ABC, the  New York Times, Time, and Newsweek, it provided the best possible anchor for national coverage from their reporters throughout the country. Edmund Muskiespeaking to an estimated 40-60,000 at Fairmount Park, Philadelphia on Earth Day, 1970 U. S. Senator  Edmund Muskie  was the keynote speaker on Earth Day in Fairmount Park in Philadelphia. Other notable attendees included consumer protection activist and presidential candidate  Ralph Nader; Landscape Architect  Ian McHarg; Nobel prize-winning Harvard Biochemist,  George Wald; U. S. Senate Minority Leader,  Hugh Scott; and poet,  Allen Ginsberg. Photos, video, and other previously unpublished information are available to the public at EarthWeek1970. The official logo of the  Mount EverestEarth Day 20 International Peace Climb Mobilizing 200 million people in 141 countries and lifting the status of  environmental issues  onto the world stage, Earth Day activities in 1990 gave a huge boost to  recycling  efforts worldwide and helped pave the way for the 1992  United Nations  Earth Summit  in  Rio de Janeiro. Unlike the first Earth Day in 1970, this 20th Anniversary was waged with stronger marketing tools, greater access to television and radio, and multimillion-dollar budgets. 10] Two separate groups formed to sponsor Earth Day events in 1990: The Earth Day 20 Foundation, assembled by  Edward Furia  (Project Director of Earth Week in 1970), and Earth Day 1990, assembled by  Denis Hayes  (National Coordinator for Earth Day 1970). Senator  Gaylord Nelson, the original founder of Earth Day, was honorary chairman for both groups. The two did not combine forces over disagreements about leadership of combined organization and incompatible structures and strategies. 10]  Among the disagreements, key Earth Day 20 Foundation organizers were critical of Earth Day 1990 for including on their boardHewlett Packard, a company that at the time was the second-biggest emitter of chlorofluorocarbons in Silicon Valley and refused to switch to alternative solvents. [10]  In terms of marketing, Earth Day 20 had a grassroots approach to organizing and relied largely on locally based groups like the  National Toxics Campaign, a Boston-based coalition of 1,000 local groups concerned with industrial pollution. Earth Day 1990 employed strategies including focus group testing, direct mail fund raising, and email marketing. 10] The Earth Day 20 Foundation highlighted its April 22 activities in  George, Washington, near the  Columbia River  with a live satellite phone call with members of the historic  Earth Day 20 International Peace Climb  who called from their base camp on  Mount Everest  to pledge their support for world peace and attention to environmental issues. [11]  The Earth Day 20 International Peace Climb was led by  Jim Whittaker, the first American to summit Mt. Everest (many years earlier), and marked the first time in history that mountaineers from the  United States,  Soviet Union, and  China  had roped together to climb a mountain, let alone.